From the date of arrival at Gibraltar on 30th April 711 of Tariq bin Ziyad from North Africa with his mercenary army in less than 20 years nearly all of the Iberian Peninsula has succumbed to the direct rule of the Caliph of Damascus in modern day Syria.
Governors are appointed directly by the Caliph in Damascus and they are in control of something like 90% of the Iberian Peninsular including modern day Portugal and Spain.
These rulers are known by the name of the Umayyads.
The Arabs with their Berber army continue to
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